The Comparison between AC and DC Motors

Electric motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. These motors can operate using either AC or DC electrical energy. Therefore, there are two main types of motors, AC motors and DC motors.

Both types of motor produce mechanical energy for moving any mechanical load etc., but their construction, control, efficiency and applications are very different. 

Before we get into the list of differences between AC and DC motors, let's discuss how motors work and the basics of AC and DC motors. ZCL group shares with you.

What is an AC motor?

It is a motor that converts AC electrical energy into mechanical energy.

There are two types of AC motors: asynchronous motors and synchronous motors.

In an asynchronous (induction) motor, the stator consists of multiple windings, while the rotor (squirrel-cage or wire-wound) consists of a closed circuit of conductors. Alternating current is supplied to the stator, which produces an alternating magnetic flux called the rotating magnetic field.

According to Faraday's law of induction, this flux produces an induced current in the rotor. The induced current is opposite to the magnetic field and begins to rotate in its direction. Induction motors, whether single-phase or three-phase, therefore work according to the principle of electromagnetic induction between stator and rotor.

AC motors

What is a DC motor?

It is a motor that converts DC electrical energy into mechanical energy.

The basic principle of the operation of a DC motor is that "when a current-carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field, it is subjected to a mechanical force perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field and the current". The direction of the force is determined by Fleming's left-hand rule.

The armature of a DC motor consists of a number of conductor windings. It is placed in a housing made for a permanent magnet that generates a magnetic field. The armature carries DC power through any DC source, such as a battery. The magnetic field interacts with the current-carrying conductors of the armature. The armature is therefore subjected to mechanical forces. 

In a BLDC (brushless DC) motor, the stator consists of a number of coils which surround a rotor armature made of permanent magnets. A thyristor is used to change the direct current into three-phase alternating current and is supplied to the stator coils to produce a rotating magnetic field. In this type of motor, the input is applied to the stationary part, so there is no need for brushes or commutators. It helps to improve the performance of the motor and its efficiency.

Applications

AC motors are the most commonly used motors in domestic and industrial applications such as drills, pumps, fans, washing machines, blowers, etc. DC motors are used in applications requiring precise position control and high torque, such as lifts, cranes, conveyors, etc. DC motors require frequent and expensive maintenance. They are therefore more expensive than AC.

ZCL takes responsibility for its customers and guarantees that it will provide products that meet the design standards and quality in strict accordance with the requirements of the contract signed with the customer. In the manufacture of our motor products, we strictly control the quality of raw materials, original components and accessories. If you need to buy a motor, please contact us, we have a wide range of synchronous motors, asynchronous motors, permanent magnet motors etc. for sale.

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